A

Actium promontory in the West of Greece, where Marcus Agrippa, fleet commander of Augustus, defeated Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra

Alba Longa town in Latium, founded by Aeneas' son Iulus

Appian Way principal route to south Italy, leading from Rome to Capua (later to Brundisium), built in 312 BC

Arno river in the middle of Italy, northern border of Etruria

B

Brundisium port in southeastern Italy, on the Adriatic coast, place where the poet Virgil died in 19 BC, nowadays Brindisi

C

Campania region in southern Italy around Napels and Pompeii

Capua city in southwestern Italy, connected with Rome by the Appian Way

Carthago capital town of the Carthaginians in North Africa

Corinthian adj. belonging to Corinth; esp. referring to architectural style characterized by the capital with acanthus leaves

E

Eleusis town in Greece to the west of Athens, famous for the mysteries held for Demeter, goddess of fertility

Epirus coastal region of northwestern Greece and southern Albania

Etruria region in central Italy between the rivers Arno and Tiber, home of the Etruscans

G

Gallia Comata litt. "long-haired Gaul", the land of Gaul, including Aquitania, Celtica and Belgica

L

Lavinium town app. 30 km. to the south of Rome, according to legend founded by Aeneas and named after his wife Lavinia

Lydia region in Anatolia (nowadays West-Turkey), once the kingdom of Croesus, the wealthiest man on earth

N

Noricum Roman province roughly corresponding to modern Austria, incorporated in 16 BC

O

Olympus mountain peak, the highest (9,570 feet or 2,917 m) in Greece, home of the gods

P

Peloponnesus peninsula in southern Greece

Pharsalus battlefield where Caesar defeated Pompey Aug. 9, 48

Pontus ancient district in northeastern Anatolia adjoining the Black Sea

Punic adj. equivalent to Carthaginian; Carthago (Eng. Carthage) was a colony of the Phoenician people

S

Sabine Lat. Sabinus, plur. Sabini, member of an ancient Italic tribe located in the mountainous country east of the Tiber

T

Tarquinii nowadays Tarquinia, chief town of the twelve cities of Etruria, home of the kings of Rome Tarquinius Priscus and Tarquinius Superbus

Tiber river on which Rome was built, Lat. Tiberis

Troy Lat. Troia, also called Ilium, ancient city in northwestern Anatolia, famous for the legend of the Trojan War, described by the poet Homer in his Iliad; place of birth of Aeneas

V

Via Appia principal route to Southern Italy, leading from Rome to Capua (later to Brundisium), built in 312 BC

Via Sacra "Sacred Road", main road at the Forum, leading from the summit of the Velia to the bottom of the Capitoline hill